4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 Effect of Oregano Vulgare essential oil supplement on growth and histopathological changes of gill and spleen of koi fish (Cyprinus carpio) under long-term exposure to naproxen 1 13 OTHER I. Naderi Department of Veterinary, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran M. Mehdipour Department of Veterinary, Garmsar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Garmsar, Iran F. Firozbakhsh Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Animal Science and Fisheries, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari, Iran R. Kazempoor Department of Biology, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran. Residues of various pharmaceutical substances in surface waters have raised concerns about the possible adverse effects of these pollutants on aquatic organisms in recent years. The study aimed to investigate the effect of feeding with oregano essential oil (OEO) on reducing the damage of gill and spleen tissues in long-term exposure to the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) naproxen (NPX). In this study, 180 koi fish were purchased from the ornamental fish breeding center. After the adaptation period, they were divided into four groups with three replications. Accordingly, two groups were fed with a basic diet (C, NP) and two groups with an OEO diet (OE, OE+NP) for 30 days. Then, NP and OE+NP groups were subjected to long-term poisoning with NPX for 14 days. Growth factors were examined on the 30th day of the test and sampling was done to examine the histopathology of the spleen and gills on the 30th, 37th, and 44th days. The results showed that feeding with OEO increased the growth performance of fish (P<0.05) Also, the results of gill pathology examination showed apical hyperplasia, basal membrane hyperplasia, infiltration of blood cells, shortening of the secondary lamellae, protrusion of the epithelium, swelling of squamous cells, fusion of secondary lamellae, and aneurysm, which were reduced in OE+NP treatment. Examination of spleen tissue showed hyperemia, necrosis, vacuolization, hemosiderin, Dilation of sinusoid, and accumulation of melanoma macrophages due to exposure to NPX. Also, the number of side effects decreased in OE+NP treatment. Therefore, the use of this food supplement improves the growth and physiological performance of fish in waters with medicinal pollutants.  

4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 Infestation of green tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) with Capillaria sp. and Hexamita sp. parasites in an ornamental fish farm 15 21 EN B. Malek Ahmadi Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. H. Rahmati-Holasoo Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. A. Momeninejad Head of Baharavaran Nastaran Agricultural Applied Scientific Center, Applied Scientific University, Qom, Iran. The green tiger barb (Puntius tetrazona) is a tropical ornamental fish that is very popular in research and the fish aquarium trade. In an ornamental fish farm, losses of 6 to 12 per day were reported in green tiger barb juvenile aquariums. After examining the farm environment and aquarium water quality, fish samples were taken. Euthanasia was performed and after the autopsy, wet smears from the skin, gills, and intestine were taken. In the microscopic examination of samples, internal parasites including Capillaria sp. and Hexamita sp. were detected from two different aquariums. Based on references, treatment with levamisole for Capillaria sp. and metronidazole for Hexamita sp. was started, which was associated with a reduction in mortality. After two weeks, a re-sampling of the treated aquariums was performed and the samples were negative for Capillaria sp. and Hexamita sp.. As a result, levamisole and metronidazole can be reported as suitable prescriptions for the treatment of these diseases in green tiger barb.

4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 A review on strategic programs to control shrimp white spot disease 23 29 EN A.E. Khajehrahimi Islamic Azad University, North Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran S. Tamadoni Jahromi Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran. S. Pourmozaffar Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) H. Rameshi Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) Many programs is performed in order to aim of improving growth traits, survival, or resistance to diseases, in shrimp aquaculture. . One of the factors that reduce production in the aquaculture industry is the spread of acute diseases, especially viral diseases including a viral syndrome in the shrimps of the Penaeidea family which is usually called "white spot disease",. In this review, strategic programs to control shrimp white spot disease which can be important for increase the production including the Identifying the genetic structure of the progenitors used in reproduction, Interspecies transfer of desired genes from wild relatives to domesticated species, Use of probiotics and good quality water and also Hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) approach in WSSV was discussed. Also identify the critical control points including control the entry, water treatment, phyco lab and finally some factors affecting the health of shrimp larvae and possible control measures has been investigated and discussed.

4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 Molecular detection of Bartonella henselae in blood samples obtained from owned cats in Kerman city using Nested-PCR 31 39 FA M. Jajarmi B. Akhtardanesh A. Yazdani P. Hajipour P. Mohseni R. Ghanbarpour A.R. Sazmand A. Goudarztalejerdi Bartonella henselae is an intracellular bacterium that causes zoonotic cat scratch disease (CSD). This disease has a global spread and is mainly transmitted through arthropod vectors. Since cats are identified as the main source of B. henselae infection, the aim of this study was to evaluate molecular detection of B. henselae in blood samples obtained from pet cats in Kerman using Nested-PCR. Seventy-two blood samples were collected from pet cats that were referred to the Shahid Bahonor University Veterinary Hospital. A Nested-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to analyze the samples, with the 16S–23S rRNA internal transcribed spacer region as the target. B. henselae DNA was found in 5.5% (4/72) of blood samples. The results of this study showed that owned cats in Kerman could be one of the potential reservoirs of cat scratch disease, but to achieve definitive results, complementary studies must be performed on cat owners.  

4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 Evaluation of different water filtration systems functions in shrimp farms 41 53 EN M.K. Pazir Iran Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran. S. Pourmozaffar Persian Gulf Mollusks Research Station, Persian Gulf and Oman Sea Ecology Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar-e-Lengeh, Iran. A.R. Fathi Shrimp farming :union: of Delvar site, Bushehr, Iran. F. Ehteshami Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran. M.A. Nazari Iran Shrimp Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Bushehr, Iran. The shrimp industry has always relied on sustainable production to survive in this country. One of the solutions to achieve this goal, the prevention of pathogens and their carriers entering shrimp ponds, has been This study compared the efficacy of three-row with one-row water filtration systems in shrimp farms in Bushehr province. The three-row filtration systems consisted of different nets (1000, 500, and 250 microns), with three repetitions, while in the one-row system, only one row of 1000-micron mesh was used. These systems were utilized from the beginning to the end of the rearing period. This study analyzed data on unwanted shrimp, fish, and other species collected through the above systems. Based on the rearing period results, a three-row filtration system with 1000, 500, and 250-micron nets were the most effective in preventing entering particles (living and nonliving), unwanted organisms, eggs, and larvae of aquatic species. However, one-row filtration systems were the least efficient when compared to three-row systems in terms of efficiency. In addition, the number of unwanted organisms collected in shrimp processing centers confirms this issue. Also, in one-row filtration systems, increasing unwanted organisms caused a decrease in the production of 1300–2400 kg/ha, as well as profitability and increased production costs on farms. Compared the performance of the three-row filtration system was higher than that of one-row filtration. Any increase in unwanted organisms in shrimp ponds can lead to diseases because they are pathogen agent carriers. The results obtained indicated that farmers should use sand and micron filters with 1000 (row 1), 500 (row 2), and 250 (row 3) microns, respectively, to improve production, prevent pathogenic agents from entering, and reduce disease risk.

4 International Journal of Veterinary Research 2821-1650 2 1 2022 1 1 The effect of feeding with hydroalcoholic extract of Spirulina platensis on the growth and immune responses of Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry 55 72 FA R. Nahavandi Animal Science Research Institute of Iran (ASRI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran. A. Nekuiefard National Artemia Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Reseach, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia, Iran. M. Seidgar National Artemia Research Center, Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute, Agricultural Reseach, Education and Extension Organization, Urmia, Iran. Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) is the most economically important farmed species in Iran, whose intensive culture is associated with various stresses and makes the fish susceptible to various diseases. Using natural immune stimulants is one of the most effective ways to boost immunity and prevent diseases in fish. Spirulina platensis contains protein, vitamins, minerals, essential amino acids, fatty acids and antioxidant pigments such as beta-carotenoid and is considered as a growth stimulant, probiotic and immune system booster in aquatic animals. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of spirulina platensis algae on growth and immune responses of rainbow trout (O. mykiss) fry. A completely randomized experimental design was developed with five test groups including commercial diet as control along with 2, 4, 6 and 8% hydroalcoholic extract of spirulina algae each containing three replicates. two thousand and four hundred rainbow trout with average initial weight of 20±0.5 g were assigned to 20 experimental rectangular polyethylene pools (v= 0.3m3). the adaptation and expriment periods were 15 and 60 days, respectively. Biometry performed once every 20 days. Rainbow trout fed by 8% S. platensis (treatment 5) showed a significant difference in percentage of the condition factor (1.16±0.01), Growth Rate (0.41±0.02), Specific Growth Rate (0.38±0.015), Lysozyme Activity (2.77±0.12 mgL-1) and the survival to oxygen depletion (62.96±1.85), temperature (57.40±4.89) and salinity stresses (74.07±1.85) with the other groups (p<0.05). Adding 8% S. platensis hydroalcoholic extract as a food supplement was found to be improved the growth, and immune responses performance in rainbow trout fry.